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Biological Communities: Kelp Forest and Rocky Subtidal Habitats

Kelp Forest and Rocky Subtital Habitats
V. Selected Kelp Forest/Rocky Subtidal Resources


Research/Monitoring Institutions


  • Moss Landing Marine Laboratories
  • Institute of Marine Sciences, UC Santa Cruz
  • Monterey Bay Aquarium

Books/Journal Articles:


  • Dayton, P. K., Tegner, P. E., Parnell, P. E. and P. B. Edwards. 1992. Temporal and spatial patterns of disturbance and recovery in a kelp forest community. Ecological Monographs 62(3):421-445.
  • Foster, M. S. and D. R. Schiel. 1985. The ecology of giant kelp forests in California: a community profile. US Fish and Wildlife Biological report 85(7.2).
  • Estes, J. A. and J. F. Palmisano. 1974. Sea otters: their role in structuring nearshore communities. Science 185:1058-1060.
  • Foster, M. S. and D. R. Schiel.1988. Kelp communities and sea otters: keystone species or just another brick in the wall? in The community ecology of sea otters. VanBlaricom and Estes (eds.) pp. 92-115.
  • Harrold, C., Watanabe, J. and S. Lisin. 1988. Spatial variation in the structure of kelp forest communities along a wave exposure gradient. P.S.Z.N.I. Marine Ecology 9(2):131-156.
  • Leet, W. S., Dewees, C. M. and C. W. Haugen, eds. 1992. California's living resoures and their utilization. 257pp. Sea Grant Extension Publishers. Davis.
  • Kimura, R. S. and M. S. Foster. 1984. The effects of harvesting Macrocystis pyrifera on the algal assemblage in a giant kelp forest. Hydrobiologia 116/117: 425-428.
  • Watanabe, J. M. and C. Harrold. 1991. Desrtuctive grazing by sea urchins Strongylocentrotus spp. in a central California kelp forest: potential roles of recruitment, depth, and predation. Marine Ecology Progress Series 71:125-141.

Internet Resources:



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